Hello techies,

I have been using Appcelerator recently. It is a pretty cool tool, it allows you to create cross platform mobile applications for iOS and Android, writing JavaScript.

Appcelerator’s Titanium Framework uses the CommonJS API so you can reference javascript files as “modules”, it is very reminiscent of node.js which also implements CommonJS.

Below is a simple async module I wrote, inspired by codeboxed’s gist, to make requests to a web server. Stick it in a file named SimpleHttpAsync.js

  //////////////////////////////////////////////
 //                Simple Async              //
//////////////////////////////////////////////

exports.call = function (options) {
    //create the titanium HTTPClient
    var httpClient = Titanium.Network.createHTTPClient();

    //set the httpclient's properties with the provided options
    httpClient.setTimeout(options.timeout);
    httpClient.onerror = options.error;

    //if and when response comes back
    //the success function is called
    httpClient.onload = function(){
        options.success({
            data: httpClient.responseData,
            text: httpClient.responseText
        });
    };

    //open the connection
    httpClient.open(options.type, options.url, true);

    //send the request
    httpClient.send();
};

The following is example code of importing and using the module

//import the module
var simpleAsync = require('async');

//call the function
//handle errors and successful request
simpleAsync.call({
    type : "POST",
    url : "http://www.someurl.com?somekey=somevalue",
    error : function (error) {
        //do something to handle error
    },
    success : function (response) {
        //do something with the response data from the server
    },
    timeout : 10000
});

It’s nothing special, but the documentation for Appcelerator is pretty sparse and I thought it might be useful for those new to the Appcelerator Titanium Framework.

As always enjoy and let me know if you have any comments/suggestions/questions. Thanks!

Here is some useful JavaScript that wrote today to change a CSS class based on the state of a checkbox.

function replaceCssClassOnElementBasedOnCheckBoxState(checkboxId, elementToChangeId, checkedCssClassName, uncheckedCssClassName)
{
    var selectedElement = document.getElementById(elementToChangeId);
    var checkBox = document.getElementById(checkboxId);
    if(selectedElement && checkBox)
    {
        if(checkBox.checked)
            selectedElement.className = checkedCssClassName;
        else
            selectedElement.className = uncheckedCssClassName;
    }
}

For Example:

Check This!

The style of this div should change based on the state of the checkbox.

A few weeks ago I was looking for a solution to parse an XML file into XHTML. This can be helpful if you want to store data for your web site in XML and want a quick scripting language to access it and parse it, this technique can be used to parse RSS since it is XML.

I spent a couple of hours scouring the web for information. I was able to gather bits and pieces from different ends of the Internet to come up with a solution.

First let’s look at the XML document. The data in my XML file contains multiple choice questions and their answers. This means I will need to parse out the data and form a label for the question and radio buttons for the answers. Nothing fancy here, my question node has a number attribute and a text attribute. The answer nodes have a text attribute as well, and a value attribute to determine whether the radio button should be checked by default.

The XML looks like:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<questions>
    <question number="1" text="How painful is it to parse XML with JavaScript?">
        <option value="Y" text="Ungodly painful"></option>
       <option value="N" text="Extremely painful"></option>
        <option value="N" text="Moderately painful"></option>
        <option value="N" text="Mildly painful"></option>
    </question>
   <question number="2" text="How retarded is JScript?">
        <option value="N" text="Poo flinging retarded"></option>
        <option value="N" text="Extremely retarded"></option>
        <option value="Y" text="Moderately retarded"></option>
        <option value="N" text="Mildly retarded"></option>
    </question>
</questions>

On to coding, you need to determine what sort of browser the user will be using to view your parsed XML. The function I found to check the browser and load the XML appropriately, checks for Internet Explorer and non-evil-empire browsers, Firefox, Opera, etc.

Internet Explorer uses a different type of type of JavaScript when parsing a web page. Without boring you about the details, the basic difference is Microsoft uses a custom version of JavaScript called JScript, leave it to Microsoft to make life hard on us all.

I gathered the load XML data function from w3schools.
Here’s the function to check the browser and load the XML document:

//create variable to store the XML document
var xmlDoc;
//set variable to a nodeType of ELEMENT_NODE
//this way we can easily tell what type of node we are grabbing in our code
var ELEMENT_NODE = 1;
//create function to load the XML data from the specified document
//found this at w3schools http://www.w3schools.com/xml/xml_parser.asp
function loadXmlData()
{
    // code for IE
    if (window.ActiveXObject)
    {
        //setup active x object
        xmlDoc=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM");
        //tell browser that its not an asynchronous call
        xmlDoc.async=false;
        //provide URL to the XML document to be parsed
        xmlDoc.load("http://sbiefeld.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/questions.xml");
        //call function to parse data
        writeListForPOSBrowsers();
    }
    // code for Mozilla, Firefox, Opera, etc.
    else if (document.implementation && document.implementation.createDocument)
    {
        //set up document variable
        xmlDoc = document.implementation.createDocument("", "", null);
        //call function to parse data
        xmlDoc.onload = writeListForRealBrowsers;
        //provide URL to the XML document to be parsed
        xmlDoc.load("http://sbiefeld.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/questions.xml");
    }
    else
    {
        //fire alert if XML cannot be parsed by an unknown browser
        alert('Your browser cannot handle this script');
    }
}

Notice the different function calls per browser, writeListForPOSBrowsers() and writeListForRealBrowsers(). This was to handle the peculiarities of IE and JScript. The writeListForPOSBrowsers() function handles the parsing for IE while the writeListForRealBrowsers() function handles the parsing for other browsers.

I guess I will start with the writeListForPOSBrowsers() first and save the best for last. The basic flow is: loop through the question nodes in the XML file and pull out question attributes and parse them into HTML elements. For each question node, I loop through the answer nodes to and create the radio buttons for the answer choices.

The most frustrating thing is the lack of support for the DOM that JScript has. Instead of being able to reference HTML elements and append data accordingly I had to manually put my HTML elements in a string and then append to that string. Once everything is in place, I put that HTML string in the document. See comments in code for more specifics.

//parses XML for IE browser
//because of lack of sufficient DOM support in JScript things are done a bit differently
//i.e. hard coding html elements
function writeListForPOSBrowsers()
{
    //searches for and gets the question tag elements in the XML file
    var questions = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('question');
    //creates an HTML string and adds an unordered list element
    var htmlCode = '<ul>';
    //loop through all of the question elements
    for (i=0; i < questions.length; i++)
    {
        //get the question number from the number attribute of the question element
        var questionId = questions[i].getAttribute('number');
        //add list item and question number to HTML string
        htmlCode += '<li>'+'(' + questionId + ') ';
        //ensure we are still dealing with a node of type ELEMENT_NODE
        if (questions[i].nodeType != ELEMENT_NODE) continue;
        //store the question data
        var cdata = questions[i].getAttribute('text');
        //add question data and closing list item tag to HTML string
        htmlCode +=    cdata + '</li>';
        //time to loop through the answer nodes
        for (j=0; j < questions[i].childNodes.length; j++)
        {
            //adds break if not the first item, used purely for aesthetic reasons
            if(j!=0){htmlCode += '<br/>';}
            //create a unique id for the input element
            var inputId =  questionId + '_' + j;
            //ensure we are still dealing with a node of type ELEMENT_NODE
            if (questions[i].childNodes[j].nodeType != ELEMENT_NODE) continue;
            //gets any answer text data from the node
            var rbtnTxt = questions[i].childNodes[j].getAttribute('text');
            //gets any value data from the node
            var isChkd = questions[i].childNodes[j].getAttribute('value');
            //declare variable to hold isChecked value
            var isChkdValue;
            //checks value data to set checked attribute on radio button
            if(isChkd.toUpperCase() == 'Y')
            {
                //set radio button to checked
                isChkdValue = 'checked';
            }
            else
            {
                //set radio button to unchecked
                isChkdValue = '';
            }
            //adds input element tags and attribute values to the HTML string
            htmlCode += '<input type="radio" id="' + inputId + '" name="question'+i+'" '+isChkdValue+' value="'+ rbtnTxt+'"';
            //adds label element that stores answer text data to the HTML string
            htmlCode += '<label>'+rbtnTxt+'</label>';
        }
        //add break elements to the HTML string
        htmlCode += '<br/><br/>';
    }
    //add questions and answers to the page
    document.getElementById('updateTarget').innerHTML = htmlCode;
}

Now, the best for last. The function to parse XML for non-IE browsers. In this function I could use the DOM, w00t for strongly typed objects, well kind of, since JavaScript is inherently not typed at all, but that is another topic.

I use exactly the same process as before loop through the question nodes and for each loop though its answer nodes. Then append the parsed items to the page.

//parses XML for non-IE browsers
function writeListForRealBrowsers()
{
    //searches for and gets the question tag elements in the XML file
    var questions = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('question');
    //creates an HTML ul element and stores it in a variable for later use
    var ul = document.createElement('ul');
    //loop through all of the question elements
    for (i=0; i < questions.length; i++)
    {
        //creates an new HTML li element and stores it in a variable
        var li = document.createElement('li');
        //creates an new HTML br element and stores it in a variable
        var brk = document.createElement('br');
        //get the question number from the number attribute of the question element
        var questionId = questions[i].getAttribute('number');
        //I create a text node to store the question number
        var questoinNum = document.createTextNode('(' + questionId + ') ');
        //append the question number to the list item element
        li.appendChild(questoinNum);
        //append the list item to the unordered list element
        ul.appendChild(li);
        //ensure that the current node we are looking at in the loop is an ELEMENT_NODE, if so continue on our journey
        if (questions[i].nodeType != ELEMENT_NODE) continue;
        //create a text node the hold the question data
        var cdata = document.createTextNode(questions[i].getAttribute('text'));
        //append question data to the list item
        li.appendChild(cdata);
        //append a break element to the list item
        li.appendChild(brk);
        //time to loop through the answer nodes
        for (j=0; j < questions[i].childNodes.length; j++)
        {
            //creates an new HTML br element and stores it in a variable
            var brk = document.createElement('br');
            //create a input element for the current answer node we are on
            var inpt = document.createElement('input');
            //create a label to hold the answer data
            var lbl = document.createElement('label');
            //specify the type of input element, in this case a radio button
            inpt.type = 'radio';
            //create a unique id for the input element
            var inputId =  questionId + '_' + j;
            //set the unique id
            inpt.id = inputId;
            //create a unique name for the input element
            inpt.name = 'question' + i;
            //ensure we are still dealing with a node of type ELEMENT_NODE
            if (questions[i].childNodes[j].nodeType != ELEMENT_NODE) continue;
            //gets any answer text data from the node
            var rbtnTxt = questions[i].childNodes[j].getAttribute('text');
            //gets any value data from the node
            var isChkd = questions[i].childNodes[j].getAttribute('value');
            //checks value data to set checked attribute on radio button
            inpt.checked = (isChkd.toUpperCase() == 'Y');
            //sets value data
            inpt.value = rbtnTxt;
            //appends answer text data to list item
            lbl.appendChild(document.createTextNode(rbtnTxt));
            //appends input element to list item
            li.appendChild(inpt);
            //appends answer text to the list item
            li.appendChild(lbl);
            //appends a break element to the list item
            li.appendChild(brk);
        }
    }
    //appends unordered list to the page
    document.getElementById('updateTarget').appendChild(ul);
}

Last but not least, the HTML to use the javascript:

<body onLoad="loadXmlData()" id='updateTarget'></body>

Simple enough, right? Well I hope my gatherings of how to parse XML with Javascript has been useful and helpful. This may by no means be the best way to do it, and it could be re-factored. It does however stay true to the title, Quick and Dirty XML Parsing with JavaScript. Grab the XML file and grab and test the HTML/JavaScript. Thanks much and expect more.